GIT

 

What is Git ?

Git is a version control system.

Version control system is a system which allows developers to work together. In a version control system the developers can do the implementations simultaneously without overwriting each other’s  changes.

There are two types of version control  systems called Centralized Version Control System and Distributed Version Control System.

In Centralized Version Control System uses a central server. This server enables to store all files and all the developers work with this central server. But the worst case  is the single point of failure.

In distributed version control system’s this worst case scenario does not exists because if any failure is occurred in the server then the repository from any client can be copied back to the server to resolve the failure.

Git belongs to Distributed Version Control System type.

Install Git in your machine [1].

Terminology in Git

•  Local repository – This is your private working place which is in your machine.
• Working directory -  This is used to do the all modification and then you can commit them in to your local repository .
• Commit – Commit holds the current status of the repository
• Branch – When we need to add a new feature to the project then we create a new branch and do that modification within that branch. After the all modifications we can merge the branch to the master branch and delete the  temporary created branch. Where master branch means the default   branch.
• Clone – Create a local repository from the git repository
• Pull – Copy changes from remote repository to local repository.
• Push -  This is used to store all the changes permanently in git repository.

How to  Make a pull request?

Fork the repository from parent repository to your Git repository.

To do this go to the parent repository and click on the ‘’Fork’’ button as shown below.

Clone the project from your Git repository to your local repository using following command.

 > git clone <HTTP clone URL>

 The following figure shows the HTTP clone URL.

Go inside the cloned directory from command prompt and enter the following command.

>git remote - v.

The above command shows the origin.

Create an upstream.

>git remote add upstream <HTTP clone URL of parent repository>

Default you have a master branch. But if we do the modifications we need to create a new branch to do the modifications.

Create a new branch using the following git command

> git checkout -b <name for the branch>

Now manually do your changes in to your local repository.

To view the all modified files/directories use the following git command.

>git status

 Now you can see the modified files in red color in command prompt as shown in below figure.

The modifications that you made can view  using the following git command.

>git diff

You can view all the modification as shown below.

Add those modification to the relevant files using the following git command.

>git add <Path of the modification file/directory>

Then you can view the successfully added modifications in green color as shown below.

Commit the changes in to local repository.

>git commit

Push the all modifications to git repository using following git command. This will add the all the changes to your git repository.

>git push origin <branch name you are in>

Then go to your git repository and then you can see a button called “Create pull request” .

Go down and then you can see the modified files. Again check whether the modifications are correct or not.

Click on “Create Pull Request”.

[1].https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-Installing-Git